1-What is Air Conditioner?

In the commonly used sense, we call the devices that provide heat removal by using special fluids with low specific heat (easy evaporation) from the closed area with certain boundaries that are hot.

2- How does the air conditioner work?

A simple air conditioner consists of 2 parts, the indoor unit and the outdoor unit (compressor unit), the indoor unit passes through the system called the evaporator, which consists of a low-energy refrigerant gas and a lot of copper residues in the form of a volatile liquid in the air in the environment through a fan mechanism, and the heat energy in the room passes to the low-energy liquid fluid through the evaporator (evaporator), This is achieved by converting the refrigerant into a high-energy gaseous form and returning the ambient air to the ambient air with low heat energy and repeating this process until the desired indoor comfort temperature is achieved. The refrigerant evaporates and absorbs the heat in the air. When the cooled air reaches its saturation point, the moisture content condenses on the fins placed on the coils. Water flows through the fins and is filtered. The cooled and humid air is returned to the room by means of a blower.

Meanwhile, the evaporated refrigerant passes to a compressor where it is pressurised and forced through condenser coils in contact with the outside air. The compressor unit compresses the gaseous fluid under pressure and sends it to the expansion valve, which converts the liquid refrigerant into a low pressure liquid-gas mixture at low temperature. It condenses again in liquid form and removes the heat it absorbs from the compressor through the coil and a fan used to support it. This heated air is exhausted to the outside and the liquid returns to the evaporator coils to continue the cooling process. In some units, two coil sets

can reverse functions so that in winter, the internal coils condense refrigerant and heat instead of cooling the room.

Units with this feature are known as heat pumps.

3-Why do we use air conditioning?

Most people use air conditioners to stay more comfortable in their homes or offices during hot and humid summer weather. Under extreme conditions, air conditioners can keep the elderly and other vulnerable people safer from heat-related health problems.

Air conditioners are used in many commercial settings not only to provide greater comfort, but also to reduce heat stress in sensitive machines such as computers and to reduce food spoilage in grocery stores and restaurants.

4-Benefits of using air conditioning?

Prevents dehydration and heat strokes

Prolonged exposure to extreme heat can cause dehydration. This is because high temperatures cause profuse sweating and your body loses water. If you do not replenish this lost water, the result is dehydration.

Since air conditioners reduce sweating, they can minimise the risk of water loss and dehydration.

Heat strokes are another problem that can be caused by excessive heat. This is because too much heat can make it difficult for the body to regulate its temperature. Failure to treat this problem early enough can cause damage to the brain and

can damage other organs of the body. Since air conditioners lower the temperature of the air, they can help prevent heat strokes.

Improves Air Quality

Air conditioners can significantly improve indoor air quality and create a healthier atmosphere. This is because they can flicker pollen, dust and other allergens present in the environment. By reducing humidity, air conditioners can control the growth of mould and mildew.

Helps Reduce Asthma and Allergies

Weather conditions can help to filter as well as disinfect the air we breathe. This can help reduce the risk of asthma attacks and allergies by removing pollen and dust, as well as preventing the growth of mould and mildew.

Exposure to mould is one of the main factors increasing the risk of asthma attacks, allergic reactions and other respiratory problems. Closing our windows when using air conditioners helps prevent environmental allergens, bacteria and dust from entering.

5- Disadvantages of air conditioning?

Air conditioners use a lot of electricity. This creates financial disadvantages for people who have to pay for power and more general environmental disadvantages from power generation.

Since a large amount of electricity is generated by coal-burning power plants, air conditioning indirectly contributes to the release of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. In addition, according to The Independent, spending too much time in an air-conditioned environment can contribute to health problems such as asthma, chest tightness and other respiratory ailments.

Health Effects of Air Conditioner

Air conditioning is beneficial to your health in many ways, especially in a busy city like Istanbul. Researchers have found that central air conditioning causes fewer outdoor pollution particles to enter the home than an open window, thus reducing the health risks of air pollution.

But there is a problem: an air conditioner can contribute to health problems from other sources if the unit is not properly maintained.

Below, we’ll look at some indirect health effects of air conditioning and how you can avoid them.

Mould growth

The process of cooling warm air creates humidity. Central air conditioners expel this excess moisture through an exhaust vent.

Therefore, there is no concern that this is circulating indoors. However, portable window air conditioners can pass the humidity through a window assembly or collect it in a pan.

If the ventilation system is not working properly or if the homeowner neglects to drain the pan of water, this moisture can become a magnet for mould growth. Mould in a portable air conditioner can be hazardous to health because the unit causes spores to circulate in the air.

In the case of central air conditioning, it is important to clean the air ducts every few years, as mould feeds on the organic matter contained in the dust.

Low humidity

Air conditioners reduce the humidity in your home by drawing moisture out of the air to cool it. For some, this comes as welcome relief, especially in the harsh depths of summer.

However, low humidity can also contribute to some undesirable health effects. Dry air can irritate your nasal passages, increasing the likelihood of sinus congestion and inflammation.

You can counteract this effect with a humidifier.

Temperature fluctuation

The human body is great at adapting to temperature changes. Think about how single-digit temperatures can feel warm in spring and downright chilly!

For the most part, moving from hot weather outdoors to a cool, air-conditioned building poses no risk to your health. However, some health conditions, such as diabetes, can make temperature fluctuations difficult to manage. People with these conditions may prefer to minimise the difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures so that their bodies can adjust more easily.

Airborne Illness

In some high-rise apartments and office buildings, the central air conditioning system uses water to cool the air.

With proper maintenance, this system poses no greater risk than other air conditioners. However, if the water stagnates, it can harbour harmful bacteria. In rare cases, this can lead to the spread of airborne diseases.

Respiratory Infections and Allergies

Not cleaning the air conditioner can cause dust, bacteria and pollen to build up in the air filters. This will significantly increase the risk of asthma attacks and respiratory infections.

1. CENTRAL VENTILATION CONDITIONS

Among all the different types of air conditioners, this is the most common cooling system because it is the most preferred system for larger homes due to its ability to cool homes more efficiently. Central air conditioners move cool air through supply and return ducts.

Supply ducts and registers, located in walls or floors, carry cooled air into the home.

Then, once the air is warmed, it returns to the return ducts and registers where it is again transported back to the air conditioner.

Installing a central air conditioning system requires a lot of planning and preparation, as sizing is crucial to the functionality of the system. If you install the wrong sized system, even if it is energy efficient, you will find that your operating costs are higher than they should be.

2. THE PERFECT MINI-SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER

Ductless, mini-split systems are most common in renovated home regions. Like central air conditioning systems, these systems have an outdoor compressor/condenser and an indoor utility unit.

If you want to cool individual rooms in your home, this system may be just right for you. Many ductless, mini split systems can have up to four indoor processing units all connected to the outdoor unit.

Each zone has its own thermostat so you can adjust the temperature of each room accordingly. This is particularly advantageous if you only want to cool a certain part of the house being used.

3. WINDOW AIR CONDITIONER

Think of a window air conditioner as a compact unit, cooling only a specific room. Also known as a “Unitary Unit”, this system is installed in the window of a room.

Window units cool a room, diffusing warm air behind it and blowing cool air into it. These types of units are best for those living in small spaces. It would not be ideal for a larger home as you will discover that it does not cool efficiently in this type of environment.

4. PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONER

Portable air conditioners are considered the next generator of window units. This type of air conditioning unit takes air from the room and cools it, then directs it back into the room. The unit then exhausts warm air outside through an exhaust hose mounted on a window.

Like window air conditioning units, portable air conditioners are designed to cool only one room. Easy to install, versatile and an affordable option. You’ll find that the portability of your air conditioner makes staying cool on a hot summer day much easier.

5. HYBRID WEATHER CONDITIONS

Like hybrid cars, hybrid heat pump systems switch between burning fossil fuels and using electricity to run them. The system intelligently chooses between the two energy sources to save money and energy. You don’t have to be held hostage by rising energy prices.

In summer, your heat pump operates normally, extracting heat from your home and distributing it outdoors. In winter, your hybrid heat pump system works in reverse, drawing heat from the outdoor environment and distributing it to your home. If you remember the Second Law of Thermodynamics from high school, it states that temperature

you know that heat is transferred from a hot object to a cold object. When the refrigerant drops below the outside temperature, heat from the outside environment is transferred to the coils of your heat pump and thus to your refrigerant. The residual heat can now be converted into warm, conditioned air for your home.

How Hybrid Air Conditioners work

A hybrid heat pump relies on two separate components to heat your home. A combination of an electric heat pump and conventional fossil fuel heating (furnace) that intuitively switches between the two sources for optimal energy efficiency. An electric heat pump extracts the outdoor temperature and uses it to heat your home. Even in cold weather, the heat pump can process the available warm air to do its job.

A hybrid system switches to a fossil fuel source when the temperature is too cold for the heat pump to operate efficiently. Generally, when the outside temperature drops to 40 degrees or below, the natural gas, propane or oil system will kick in. However, the point at which the hybrid unit kicks in can be adjusted based on the specific needs of the home. Climate, home design, personal comfort, and fuel are all part of the considerations when choosing the appropriate temperature for the tune-up.

6. GEOTHERMAL HEATING AND COOLING

Geothermal energy is sustainable, energy efficient and long-lasting. Because the earth temperature beneath us remains fairly constant at 55 degrees no matter how hot or cold it gets in the atmosphere, geothermal technology can draw heat from below and transfer it to your home.

A geothermal coil (“loops” or “well”) is installed immediately in the ground and can be used to heat and cool your home. In winter, heat is extracted from the earth; in summer, heat is taken from your home and distributed back into the earth.

7- How is Air Conditioner Maintenance done?

Annual maintenance can improve the efficiency of your air conditioner while maintaining your comfort andUnit lifespan. Change or clean your air filters regularly – it can reduce your air conditioner’s energy consumption by 5-15 per centClean the evaporator coil of your air conditioner annually and as needed.If your coil fins are bent, use a “fin comb” to straighten them.If you have a Split system, be sure to clean out the waste and Fan is disconnected from the compressor and condenser.Occasionally run a stiff wire through the unit’s drain to keep the drain clean in case of blockages.

Choose a certified professional when your unit needs more than basic maintenance.